A review of antimicrobial resistance in poultry production - global impacts and alternatives

Abstract

Antibiotics are used to fight bacterial infections. Hence, selective pressure gave rise to bacteria resistant to antibiotics. This leaves scientists worried about the danger to human and animal health. Some strategies can be borrowed to reduce the use of antibiotics in chicken farms. Many research has been carried out to look for natural agents with similar beneficial effects such growth promoters. The aim of these alternatives is to maintain a low mortality rate, and a good level of animal yield while preserving the environment and consumer health. Among these, the most popular are probiotics, prebiotics, enzymes, organic acids, immunostimulants, bacteriocins, bacteriophages, phytogenic feed additives, phytoncides, nanoparticles and essential oils (EOs).