Афричка куга код домаћих свиња у Србији – клинички и патолошки налаз

Abstract

African swine fever (ASF) is a severe, contagious viral disease of domestic pigs and wild boar. In European both domestic and wild pigs, ASF usually has the acute course with high mortality. After the occurrence in 2007 in Georgia, the disease has progressively been spreading throughout European countries. The first case of ASF in Serbia was confirmed on the 30th of July 2019. Until now, 18 outbreaks were reported, in 3 municipalities in domestic pigs. All pigs in those cases were kept in backyard farming system. Clinical signs such as fever (40.2 to 40.8oC), anorexia, ataxia, vomiting, reddening of the skin predominantly on the distal part of legs was observed. Detected gross lesions at necropsy were: splenomegaly, serous edema of the wall of the gallbladder, hemorrhages in the enlarged lymph nodes, petechial hemorrhages on the kidney cortex and hemorrhages in the kidney pelvis, petechial and echymotic hemorrhages on the mucosa of the urinary bladder, petechial hemorrhages on the epicardium, and massive hemorrhages on the endocardium. Histologically, in the kidney, cortical hemorrhages, tubulonephrosis, acute haemorrhagic glomerulonephritis and interstitial mononuclear cell infiltration were noticed. In spleen, congestion, hemorrhages, hemosiderosis, lymphoid depletion, necrosis and apoptosis, replacement of lymphoid tissue by eosinophilic cellular debris and fibrin were observed. Immediately after the confirmation, surveillance followed by control and eradication measures was undertaken by the Serbian Veterinary Directorate in the infected and surrounding zones. Beside, epidemiological investigation, clinical and pathological findings are of great importance for suspicion of African swine fever.