Control and viability of bee nosemoses

Abstract

Nosemosis is a bee disease practically present in all countries of the world. Th e control of the presence of Nosema apis and Nosema ceranae is of great importance. Th e consequences for bees will depend on the degree of infection of a bee colony. Weakening of bee colonies, reduction of production potentials, contamination with bee feces from hives, death of bees and / or their complete disappearance are some of the signs of the disease. Th e bee life physiology, which largely depends on the season, and regular control of the pathogen presence can determine the perspective of the disease. Th e consequences of reduction of the number of bee colonies are not only refl ected in a smaller amount of bee products (honey, royal jelly, pollen, wax), but also in agricultural production in the form of reduced pollination. Domestic and international trade in bee products plays an important role in the transmission of Nosema spp. and other infectious and parasitic diseases of bees. Th erefore, the control of the presence and viability of Nosema spp. in some bee products is important. Our analysis showed that the control of the presence of the cause of nosemosis in our conditions, without clearly defi ned legal regulations, is insuffi cient with regards to the number of beekeepers, bee colonies and hives. On the other hand, reducing the viability of Nosema spp. in diff erent temperature conditions provides an opportunity for safe trade.