Značaj mikrobioma u organizmu čoveka i njegov uticaj na zdravlje domaćina - primeri uloge mikrobioma kod kovida-19

Abstract

The human micro – world of microorganisms is defined as the microbiota living in or on the human body in symbiotic or parasitic relationships, including about 1.5 – 3 kg of microbes. The microbiot include bacteria, fungi, viruses, protozoa and archaeal populations. Regarding to the distribution of microbes in humans, they are classified as intestinal micro-ecosystems, oral micro-ecosystems, skin micro-ecosystems, vaginal microecosystems and so on. Microbiota (by their metabolites) influence on human physiology both in health and disease by participating in digestion and nutrition, contributing to metabolic functions, modulating the immune system, synthesizing vitamins, neurotransmiters and producing a wide variety of biochemically active compounds. The main aim and the tasks of this paper is to show current situation and potential influence of microbiome on future development on human and veterinary medicine, and to emphasize on significance of the application of new methods which use the concept of massively parallel processing, it is also called next-generation sequencing (NGS) or second-generation sequencing. In last years, the relationship between microbiome and humans diseases has been studied extensively. For example, the gut microbiome has some kind of feedback relation with next human diseases: obesity, diabetes, autoimmune hepatitis, liver cirrhosis, hepatocellular carcinoma, chronic kidney diseases and autism. In last time, there are large numbers studies on COVID-19 which suggested that the characteristics of microbiome also plays an important role in COVID – 19 how will be severe clinical shape of COVID – 19.