Uzročnici virusne etiologije utvrđeni u pobačenim fetusima krmača, krava i kobila u Južnobačkom i Sremskom okrugu od 2019 do 2021. godine

Abstract

Abortions are one of the most important reproductive problems in animal husbandry causing significant economic losses. Various factors can lead to abortions of domestic animals of which the infectious ones, especially of viral etiology play an important role. Therefore in Serbia according to the Program of Animal Health Protection Measures every occurrence of abortion in sows, cows, sheep, goats and mares must be reported to a veterinary organization. Besides bacterial agents, viral agents are detected in the aborted fetuses of sows, cows and mares. The aim of this study was to summarize the results of all abortions of sows, cows and mares that were admitted for diagnostics as a part of the Program of Animal Health Protection Measures at Department of Virology at Scientific Veterinary Institute Novi Sad in a three-year period from 2019 to 2021. In a three-year period, a total of 305 aborted fetuses of sows, cows and mares were tested for the presence of different abortogenic viruses in these animal species. In sows tested viruses included Aujeszky’s disease virus (MAV), porcine circovirus-2 (PCV2), porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV), porcine parvovirus (PPV), African swine fever virus (ASFV) and classical swine fever virus (CSFV). In cows bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV) and bovine infectious bovine rhinotracheitis (IBRV) were tested and in mares equine herpevirus-1 (EHV1) and equine arteritis virus (EAV). PCR/RT-PCT and real time PCR/RT-PCR methods were used for the detection of viral DNA or RNA in aborted fetuses depending on the virus. The majority of the tested aborted fetuses were swine (83.93%), following bovine fetuses (15.74%) and at the end equine fetuses (0.33%). The positive results were obtained in 2.73% of tested swine fetuses for the presence of PRRSV, PPV and PCV2, in 4.17% of tested bovine fetuses for the presence of BVDV and in 100% of tested equine fetuses for the presence of EHV1. The same number of positive cases of abortions was detected in 2020 and 2021 (4), while in 2019 only one positive case was detected. It is evident that abortogenic viruses circulate in pig, cattle and horse population in Južnobački and Sremski districts with various prevalence among different animal species and different viruses. The largest number of positive cases was detected in swine abortions due to the largest number of swine aborted fetuses admitted. Better communication between farmers and veterinary organizations is needed to be sure that every occurrence of the abortion is reported in order to get more comprehensive picture of the filed situation regarding viral causes of abortions in sows, cows and mares.