Retrospective of Clinical Pathology of Herd Pigs in Extensive and Intensive Breeding

Abstract

The main characteristic of the herd of pigs in extensive and intensive breeding is the presence of breeding diseases of different aetiology. The research aimed to monitor the frequency of breeding diseases and organize the implementation of prophylactic measures. As part of the health control of the herd of pigs, we took biological material and sent it to laboratories for analysis. The suckling pig category is dominated by enteric diseases caused by different serotypes of E. coli in over 50% of cases. Coccidiosis is becoming an increasingly topical problem and is considered one of the main causes of diarrhoea in piglets aged 5 to 10 days. The percentage of stillborn piglets is highly variable for each pig herd. The biggest piglet losses are during the lactation period and range up to 20% on average. Losses of piglets in rearing amounted to 18%. The losers exceeded 5% on average. Deaths in pig herds are the result of inadequate breeding, nutrition, and the inability to implement rational therapy. Of respiratory diseases, the primary agent is Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae, Actinobacilus pleuroipneumoniae, with a frequency of over 50%. In the majority of pig herds, the presence of PRRS was diagnosed in over 50%. On all pig farms, with controlled health care. We implemented increasing zoohygiene measures, recommended the introduction of vaccines, and raised biosecurity measures to a higher level. A characteristic of extensive breeding is a small percentage of piglets per sow. Different proportions of deaths in all categories. As a result of the mentioned facts, we have a small percentage of fatteners per sow. A characteristic of intensive farming is the presence of circovirus infections, PRRS. We raised the zoohygiene measures to a higher level on all pig farms. The evaluation of biosecurity measures and the implementation of vaccination gave positive results.